"The confidence that individuals have in their beliefs depends mostly on the quality of the story they can tell about what they see, even if they see little."
"We are prone to overestimate how much we understand about the world and to underestimate the role of chance in events."
"We often fail to allow for the possibility that evidence that should be critical to our judgment is missing—what we see is all there is."
"The expectation that a good explanation will be simple and straightforward is sometimes wrong."
"The measure of success is not whether you have a tough problem to deal with, but whether it's the same problem you had last year."
"It is the consistency of information that matters for a good story, not its completeness."
"The mind does not digest contradictions—it either resolves them or ignores them."
"We often gain from our mistakes what we could not learn from our successes."
"We can be blind to the obvious, and we are also blind to our blindness."
"The combination of overconfidence and incompetence often produces disastrous results."
"When it comes to making decisions, experience is overrated."
"We are confident when the story we tell ourselves comes easily to mind, with no contradiction and no competing scenario."
"It is much easier to recognize other people's mistakes than our own."
"The way a question is framed can have a major impact on the decisions people make."
"The focusing illusion is the idea that we tend to overestimate
the effect of one particular factor when making predictions about our happiness
or
satisfaction with life."
"Thinking requires attention and effort."
"We are not only prone to make systematic errors in our
judgments about uncertain events, but we are also prone to errors of memory,
perception,
and social judgment."
"Our beliefs and expectations about how the world works affect what we see, hear, and feel."
"We are more likely to regret a decision if we think about it as a missed opportunity rather than a mistake."
"The less you know, the more you think you know, because you don't know enough to recognize your own ignorance."
"A good way to avoid foolishness is to consider not only the problem that is being solved but also the problem solver who is solving it."
"The planning fallacy is the tendency to underestimate how long it will take to complete a task, even when you have experience with similar tasks."
"We need to be wary of our own biases and try to actively correct for them in our decision-making."
"Anchoring is a common cognitive bias where people rely too heavily on the first piece of information they receive when making decisions."
"People are more likely to be influenced by vivid and memorable anecdotes than by statistical evidence."
"The availability heuristic is a mental shortcut where people base their judgments on the ease with which examples come to mind."
"When we are uncertain about the accuracy of our judgments, we tend to be more influenced by what other people think."
"Our tendency to stick with the status quo is often driven by loss aversion—the fear of losing what we already have."
"People often make decisions based on their emotions, even when they think they are being rational."
"Our memory is not a perfectly accurate record of past
events, but rather a reconstruction that is influenced by our current beliefs
and
expectations."
"The sunk cost fallacy is the tendency to continue investing
in a project or course of action because of the resources already invested,
rather than
because it is the best decision moving forward."
"Our intuition is shaped by the environment in which we live and the experiences we have had, and may not be applicable in different contexts."
"The halo effect is the tendency to judge people's qualities or abilities based on our overall impression of them."
"We are more likely to remember extreme or unusual events than mundane events, which can distort our perception of the frequency of those events."
"People often underestimate the power of situational factors in determining behavior, and overestimate the role of individual character traits."
"Confirmation bias is the tendency to seek out and interpret information in a way that confirms our preexisting beliefs."
"The framing effect is the way in which information is presented can influence how people make decisions."
"The illusion of validity is the belief that our judgments and decisions are more accurate than they actually are."
"The law of small numbers is the assumption that a small sample is representative of a larger population."
"Cognitive ease is the feeling of mental effortlessness that occurs when processing information, and can lead to overconfidence and bias."
"Our perception of time can be influenced by our emotional state, so that positive experiences seem shorter and negative experiences seem longer."
"People are often more influenced by social norms and expectations than by their own personal values and beliefs."
"The planning fallacy can be overcome by seeking out and considering evidence from similar past projects."
"The illusion of truth is the belief that statements that are repeated often enough are more likely to be true."
"People often have a preference for the default option, and may not actively choose an alternative even when it would be in their best interest."
"Metaphors and analogies can be powerful tools for shaping how people think about and understand complex issues."
Written by Famous Author : Daniel Kahneman
Thinking,
Fast and Slow
